Treats design as art Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Treats plan as craftsmanship - Assignment Example She underlines that in the contemporary occasions, plans should be developed to join the significant issues and impulses of the occasions. The passive economy, condition and maintainability of assets are imperative issues where the structuring of articles could have a huge effect. She says that architects are imaginative and be able to successfully utilize any material to have any kind of effect to the world. She has precisely summarized the job of creators as the ‘biggest synthesizer on the planet who (exceeds expectations) in combining the human needs’. In reality, there configuration, some of the time may not be seen however the more extensive repercussions of those structures on the contemporary issues give them the essential driving force to proceed with their work. She finishes up her discussion by urging the originators to relinquish their innovativeness in a manner where they can envision at various scales. She announces that plan isn't just tasteful however it additionally serves the humankind through inventive information that encourages to address the difficulties of the time. (272

Reading Response: “Lines of Life” Landon

Lines 101 to 104 in Lines of Life by Letitia Elizabeth Landon, she utilizes symbolism and reiteration to portray what the peruser can accept to be her definitive dream as a craftsman; additionally I accept this refrain specifically causes the peruser to comprehend why she picked this title. The commentaries of the Norton content discloses to us that Landon’s, â€Å"Title may reference Shakespeare’s piece 16†¦questioning the intensity of craftsmanship to offer immortality†. I concur with this examination in view of lines 101 to 104 in the sonnet. In lines 101 and 102 Landon utilizes symbolism to delineate the location of a â€Å"pale youth by his diminish light, himself a withering flame†.The language Landon utilizes is exceptionally successful in making a dream for the peruser. The repition of the picture of a fire is additionally powerful in delineating a dream for the peruser. Additionally, when Landon specifies that the, â€Å"pale youth† is , â€Å"Himself a perishing flame† it helps the peruser to remember his mortality. This accentuation of mortality additionally reinforces my purpose to concur with the content that the title is a reference to Shakespeare’s piece 16. In lines 103 and 104 Landon says, â€Å"From numerous an antique look next to, pick what bears my name? The language Landon utilizes demonstrates that the picture of the â€Å"pale youth† is far later on in light of the fact that her work is a â€Å"antique scroll†. Landon, proceeding to utilize striking symbolism, is indeed underscoring the thought that her work will make her undying; not in the strict sense, yet as in however she might be truly dead her thoughts live on always and be esteemed by people in the future; again reinforcing the contention that the content makes, that the title of this piece is a reference to Shakespeare’s Sonnet 16.

One more baby blogger

One more baby blogger The new baby bloggers  were introduced about a month ago, but I have one more to bring you. She doesn’t actually have a name, and she definitely doesn’t have a coherent point of view or an extensive blogging resume â€" strictly speaking, she hasn’t actually been born yet. She’s my daughter, and as far as I know, she’s the first of Blogger Generation 2.0. When I got engaged to her dad  in Killian Court  the summer after senior year, I am pretty sure I remember Ben Jones (the original Petey) promising me that our kids could go to MIT, so I am just going to go ahead and hold everybody in the admissions office to that vague decade-old promise, ok, great, thanks. She is already pretty excited about science, at least if I go by the frequency of kicks to my ribcage during my physiology lectures, and she owns onesies saying “MIT”, “Future Scientist”, and “Born to Fly”. (Let’s just say there’s a disagreement between me and her dad about whether she’s going to be a scientist or an engineer.) And I have seen her brain on the ultrasound, and it is already quite gyrified, so I’m comfortable saying she’s a pretty smart cookie. She will also be coming with me to do interviews for my first season as an EC (I mean, like, inside my torso; she’s not due until after the deadline to contact your EC), so if you’re applying from the south San Francisco Bay Area, contact your EC now, because you might get to have an EC plus a bonus fractional EC! EDIT: Also, Chris wants me to add that the my husband is engaging in extremely unfair practices to sway her to the engineering side, namely that he has purchased a Star Wars landspeeder  and modded it with Crazy Cart parts so that it will drift and go faster and do all kinds of things that are unsafe for a child/baby/fetus. But it does look pretty cool.

One more baby blogger

One more baby blogger The new baby bloggers  were introduced about a month ago, but I have one more to bring you. She doesn’t actually have a name, and she definitely doesn’t have a coherent point of view or an extensive blogging resume â€" strictly speaking, she hasn’t actually been born yet. She’s my daughter, and as far as I know, she’s the first of Blogger Generation 2.0. When I got engaged to her dad  in Killian Court  the summer after senior year, I am pretty sure I remember Ben Jones (the original Petey) promising me that our kids could go to MIT, so I am just going to go ahead and hold everybody in the admissions office to that vague decade-old promise, ok, great, thanks. She is already pretty excited about science, at least if I go by the frequency of kicks to my ribcage during my physiology lectures, and she owns onesies saying “MIT”, “Future Scientist”, and “Born to Fly”. (Let’s just say there’s a disagreement between me and her dad about whether she’s going to be a scientist or an engineer.) And I have seen her brain on the ultrasound, and it is already quite gyrified, so I’m comfortable saying she’s a pretty smart cookie. She will also be coming with me to do interviews for my first season as an EC (I mean, like, inside my torso; she’s not due until after the deadline to contact your EC), so if you’re applying from the south San Francisco Bay Area, contact your EC now, because you might get to have an EC plus a bonus fractional EC! EDIT: Also, Chris wants me to add that the my husband is engaging in extremely unfair practices to sway her to the engineering side, namely that he has purchased a Star Wars landspeeder  and modded it with Crazy Cart parts so that it will drift and go faster and do all kinds of things that are unsafe for a child/baby/fetus. But it does look pretty cool.

The Colony Of Algeria - 1916 Words

The colony of Algeria was one of many that were established by the French in order to rectify their diminishing image on an international scale. Throughout history the nation of France has seemed to be in the shadows of Great Britain, as well as struggling to keep up with their advancements. Throughout the 19th century, France experienced its fair share of losses, bad leaders, and through their eyes, national embarrassment. The new republic signified a New France, and imperialistic pursuits were one way they intended to regain the stature that they had lost and longed for throughout the course of history. Algerian and French relations had begun early in the 1800’s, but became deeply rooted following the Berlin Conference which revamped European nations desire to imperialize. This colony, along with many was the nation’s way to the top and would not be released lightly. The French who were famous for their revolution disregarded their historical past, as they infiltrated Algerian soil and were negatively impacted in the long run by the colonization process. In particular, the colony of Algeria halted French pursuits to international stardom through resistance, and attributed to the further decline of the once great nation, as result of the harshness that the French imposed onto the natives. The history of the French was filled with the ideas of enlightenment that promoted self-rule and individualization. By choosing the path of colonialism, the French people were opting toShow MoreRelatedThe French And Of Decolonization1528 Words   |  7 PagesFrench empire; at its height, was one of the largest empires ever in human history, spanning 11.5 million square miles. (Taagepera) Despite its impressive standing, the empire began to shrink and deteriorate after World War Two ended, with French colonies being allowed to become independent states. The British empire went through the same process of decolonization, but approached it in a different method from the French. The French approach not only affected the foreign relations between the new statesRead MoreThe Ungoing Algerian War Fought between France and the Algerian Independence Movement783 Words   |  3 Pagesepidemics. French policy was predicated on civilizing the country and Algerias social fabric suffered during t he occupation. Since 1848 the French have administered Algeria as an integral part and dà ©partement of the nation. Being one of France’s longest-held overseas territories, thousands of European immigrants arrived in Algeria and came to be known as the Pied-Noirs. These European settlers benefited from the French government’s confiscation of communal land from indigenous Algerians and theRead MoreThe Invasion of Algeria by France Essay1609 Words   |  7 PagesFrance invaded Algeria to bring the â€Å"blessings of colonization. The main objective for the French invading Algeria was for economic gain and become known as one the most superior and dominant nations of Europe. France changed the lives of many Africans which led to Algerians applying for citizenship in their own country. The Algerians endured many hardships after the French came into the picture. Things did not change for the better, but for the worst. The French â€Å"imposed more and higher taxesRea d MoreAlgeri A Lack Of Medical Knowledge916 Words   |  4 PagesAlgeria is located in North Africa on the Mediterranean Sea. It is situated to the west of Libya and Tunisia and east of Morocco. The north is fertile and mountainous, in contrast to the south that includes parts of the Sahara desert. In all, more than four-fifths of Algeria is desert. Algeria is 919,590 square miles and is the tenth largest country in the world. The country’s population is 29.2 million and is growing annually at 2.2 percent. About 75 percent of all residents are under the age ofRead MoreThe Causes Of Decolonization After World War II979 Words   |  4 Pagesformer colonies of a colonial power’’ (OED). The factors that caused this transformation are colonial nationalism, politics, religious and ethnic movements and international pressure. During this time, the colonial powers were weakened, which brought opportunity for independence to many regions like French North Africa and In dia. Consequently, relationships between countries changed and they became opposed to colonialism. Therefore, many countries wanted to gain independence from colonies and empiresRead MoreCompare and Contrast Old and New Imperialism Essay1217 Words   |  5 Pagespositive balance of trade. New Imperialism took place from 1750-1914 -colonial expansion adopted by Europe’s powers and later Japan and the United States -During the 19th and early 20th centuries expansion took place from the French conquest of Algeria until WW1 -This period is distinguished by an unprecedented pursuit of overseas territorial acquisitions -The Berlin Conference -organized by Bismark to provide for a more orderly conquest of Africa Old Imperialism was the period from 1450-1750Read MoreFrench Decolonization: Conflict in Algeria2602 Words   |  11 Pagesin Algeria Burianchello Content: Introduction.........................................................................................................3 The emergence of the French colonies...............................................................3 The emergence of the French colonies in the territory of Algeria......................4 The system of colonial rule in Algeria..............................................................4-6 Termination of the French colony of AlgeriaRead MoreWomen Of Algiers By Pablo Picasso974 Words   |  4 Pageswith different historical context, they still share some similarities, but also some differences. Delacroix painted â€Å"Women of Algiers† in 1834, two years after the French colonization of Algeria. Most people view his painting as accurate because he visited Algeria just two years previous (Ma). Delacroix went to Algeria in 1832 as part of a diplomatic mission for France. Because of this, some people believe that â€Å"Women of Algiers† was â€Å"propaganda for France’s imperialist ambition (Ma 9).† The paintingRead MoreThe End Of The Second World War2286 Words   |  10 PagesAt the end of the Second World War, France had to leave its Middle Eastern and Asian colonies. The promotion of nationalism and anti-colonialism in the empire and the loss of imperial tenacity in France led to its withdrawal from most of its colonies. Adding to that, France was one of the Allied Powers, and the The Atlantic Charter that was produced in 1941 stipulated that the Allied powers needed to achieve certain goals if they won Second World War, and one was that all pe ople and nations hadRead MoreThe Colonial Harem By Malek Alloula1392 Words   |  6 PagesHarem is an essay written by an Algerian writer called Malek Alloula. This essay is divided into ten chapters. Postcards being the object of study and examination. More specifically the postcards that were created and sent by the French colonists of Algeria in the first three decades of the eighteenth century. The Algerian women being the subjects of attention.   Alloula explains that his study is â€Å"to map out, from under the plethora of images, the obsessive scheme that regulates the totality of the output

Contributors to the Invention of the Digital Computer and...

During the mid-twentieth century many inventions were created in America. The 1900s included important inventions such as the airplane and telephone. Along with this time of innovation and invention came World War II, a large impetus to create something new. The digital computer was just one of these many inventions. The digital computer was invented in around 1940, right within the World War II time period. George Stibitz was recognized as the father of the invention although there were many steps leading up to the digital computer. As a few of the many features, the digital computer’s ability to do multiple functions and to have greater programmability put it ahead of its predecessors. World War II was just another incentive to improve the computer, allowing for faster operations and more effective cryptanalysis. Digital computers were one of the most important inventions within its time period due to its impact on history, the many people involved, and its advancements comp ared to previous devices. Before the invention of the digital computer came many predecessors and previous inventions that impacted the functions of the computer. A basis for the programmability of the computer came from the invention of binary. Binary is a code in which there are two states â€Å"0† and â€Å"1†. The â€Å"0† state represents off, while the â€Å"1† represents on. These two digits can be used to represent anything in a compact and readable format for the computer. Charles Babbage is credited with theShow MoreRelatedEssay about Web 2.01363 Words   |  6 Pagesconversations, all made possible by the invention of the Internet and the World Wide Web. Wikis are one such example of collaborate Web 2.0 tools, the best known of which is ‘Wikipedia’. Wikis can be added to by anyone and, as part of the unit, students were required to do so. The Wiki editor is web browser-based, meaning you do not have to be a web-design expert to use it. An interesting aspect of wikis is their ‘real time’ development, contributors often making entries as events happen asRead MoreInternet Communications Unit Web101 Class Reflection Essay1594 Words   |  7 Pagesmight have the potential to impact upon the everyday user. Implemented originally in the 1960†²s to share information by NASA, the Internet is a network of computers joined by other computers. The development of the Hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP) by Tim Berners-Lee gave users a common playground in which to collaborate. Because computers and operating systems come in all shapes and sizes, run different operating systems, and use different browsers, a common language, known as Hypertext Mark-upRead MoreTechnology’s Detrimental Effect on Society Essay1243 Words   |  5 PagesThese days, technology seems to be almost everywhere we go. With advancements to cell phones, computers, video games, cars, and our iPods, our lives have become much easier than ever before. Technology is made because the society always wants to find more efficient methods of doing certain tasks. Without technology, mankind would not have discovered things that the majority of us now know, such as the world, animals, science, and the like. However, th e society doesn’t gain much benefit, besidesRead MoreThe World Has Become Global Village Because of It Revolution3311 Words   |  14 PagesInstruction Code CD-Rom Compact Disc Read-Only Memory CMC Computer Mediated Communications EDI Electronic Data Interchange E-Mail Electronic Mail E-Com Electronic Commerce IMF International Monitory Fund I.T Information Technology LCDs Less Developed Countries T.V Television WWW World Wide Web The world has become global village because of IT revolution Introduction The advancement in technology has certainly had a major effect on the lives of many. This world is becoming a global villageRead MoreStar Wars, A Galactic Sci Fi Fantasy Directed By George Lucas2004 Words   |  9 Pagesspecial effects given at the time of production. The movie became such a commercial success that he later produced the sequels ( Episode V and VI ) because of how much the fans praised it. By further pondering about the overall story of Star Wars, Lucas wanted to develop Episodes I, II, and III in order to fulfill those unanswered questions about Anakin Skywalker becoming Darth Vader, or who was Luke and Leia’s mother. By that time, technology has greatly advanced to develop astonishing effects to giveRead MoreKinematics: Simple Machine and Prime Mover2581 Words   |  11 Pagesconsumer electronics, as well as biomechanical prostheses. In physics, kinematics is part of the teaching of basic ideas of dynamics; in mathematics, it is a fundamental part of geomet ric thinking and concepts of motion. The development of high-speed computers and robotics, and the growth of design synthesis theory and mechatronics have recently revived interest in kinematics and early work in machine design. Working in the decades following Ampà ¨res death, Franz Reuleaux (1829-1905) is consideredRead MoreEssay on Wireless Electricity14464 Words   |  58 PagesWireless Electricity Devry University Tech, Society, and Culture Professor February 24, 2013 Table of Contents I. Wireless Electricity: Explanation and History 3 II. Political and Legal Influences 10 III. Economic Questions and Considerations 16 IV. Wireless Technology with Today’s Culture 20 V. Ethical Implications of Wireless Power 26 VI. Environmental Impact 30 VII. Bibliography Read MoreEssay about Summary of History of Graphic Design by Meggs14945 Words   |  60 PagesChapter 1: The Invention of Writing - From the early Paleolithic to the Neolithic period (35,000 BC to 4,000 BC), early Africans and Europeans left paintings in caves, including the Lascaux caves in Southern France. - Early pictures were made for survival and for utilitarian and ritualistic purposes. - Petroglyphs are carved or scratched signs on rock. - These images became symbols for what would be the first spokenlanguage. - Cuneiform – Wedged shaped writing, created in 3000BC. StartedRead MoreImpact Of Digital Marketing On E Commerce9734 Words   |  39 PagesPROJECT REPORT ON â€Å"IMPACT OF DIGITAL MARKETING OR E-COMMERCE IN CURRENT BUSINESS SCENARIO† (A CASE STUDY OF TATA CONSULTANCY SERVICES) SUBMITTED BY ANKUR NARANG ENROLLMENT NO.: 1321000782 UNDER SUPERVISION OF MR. SUPREET SINGH Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for qualifying P G PROGRAMME IN MANAGEMENT In (MARKETING) INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT TECHNOLOGY CENTRE FOR DISTANCE LEARNING GHAZIABAD MAY, 2015 TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER CONTENTSRead MoreRobot Ethics and Ethical Issues5299 Words   |  22 Pagesprocessing and control. The coordinated exercise of these abilities enables robotic systems to achieve goal-oriented and adaptive behaviours. Communication technologies enable robots to access networks of software agents hosted by other robotic and computer systems. New generations of robots are becoming increasingly proficient in coordinating their behaviours and pursuing shared goals with heterogeneous teams of agents which include other robots, humans, and software systems. During the last decades

Much Ado About Nothing, By William Shakespeare - 1434 Words

Love is never an easy concept to understand, let alone when everyone around you seems to be figuring it out and you feel out of the loop. In the play, Much Ado About Nothing, and the novel, Pride and Prejudice, this shows to be the main plot line. These are quite dated. However, a modern twist to this story line is also seen in the television series, Gossip Girl. It is the typical love story; the prospective pairs can only fall in love with each other once they recognize their isolation and fight their way towards their own happy ending. With different plots and twists, each love story stands out in its own way and sets itself apart from the others. In the play, Much Ado About Nothing, the prospective couple is Beatrice and Benedict. Their relationship begins as merciless fighting and teasing between both characters, also known as â€Å"the war of wits†. Shakespeare made sure to make this type of relationship prominent and important in the beginning of the play since Beatriceà ¢â‚¬â„¢s first words towards Benedick were, â€Å"I wonder that you will still be talking, Signior Benedick. Nobody marks you.† (1.1.92-94). Being around Claudio, a good friend of Benedick’s, and Hero, Beatrice’s cousin, makes life for Beatrice and Benedick a bit difficult. Both Beatrice and Benedick witness as Claudio and Hero’s love story unfolds in a series of romantic events. This seems to put strain on their own relationship because they are so closely involved with both Claudio and Hero. In a series of eventsShow MoreRelatedMuch Ado About Nothing By William Shakespeare2685 Words   |  11 PagesMuch Ado about Nothing is a humorous play by William Shakespeare set in the city of Messina located in southern Italy. The acts have two main locations; Leonato’s house and his orchard. The others were sidelines; the church and the street where Dogberry and Verges discovered the villainy. Many scenes take place inside the several rooms of Leonato†™s house, including scene 4 of Act 3. The main emergence of Benedick and Beatrice’s love story takes place in the orchard, without which the play is incompleteRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Much Ado About Nothing1285 Words   |  6 PagesMuch Ado About Nothing, is a comedic play by William Shakespeare thought to have been written in 1598 and 1599, as Shakespeare was approaching the middle of his career. (Wikipedia) This timeless play is generally considered one of Shakespeare’s best comedies, because it combines a cheerful mood with an intricate series of deceptions and miscommunications. It’s known for its hilarity, honor, shame and court politics. Shakespeare depicts different kinds of loving relationships- romantic love, familyRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Much Ado About Nothing898 Words   |  4 PagesBeatrice, Benedick, and Love in Much Ado About Nothing William Shakespeare’s Much Ado About Nothing is set in thirteenth century Italy. The plot of the play can be categorized as comedy or tragicomedy . Villainy and scheming combine with humor and sparkling wordplay in Shakespeare s comedy of manners. Claudio is deceived into believing that Hero, is unfaithful. Meanwhile, Benedick and Beatrice have a kind of merry war between them, matching wits in repartee. This paper will attempt toRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Much Ado About Nothing1204 Words   |  5 PagesI will be considering the role of the villain in Much Ado About Nothing, and will conduct rhetorical analyses that will proceed to view the perspective of the villain and his or her intentions. Much Ado About Nothing written by William Shakespeare intending this play to be a comedy. Although it is hard to comprehend the comedy within the play. The characters within this play are all linked together by having a relationship that looks like a telephone wire game. The c haracters dilemma develops anRead MoreMuch Ado About Nothing By William Shakespeare843 Words   |  4 Pages In the play Much Ado About Nothing, the theme of scandalous accusations, dishonesty, and its effects take a major role throughout the entirety of the play. However, the effects on a person’s honor vary hugely depending on the sex of the person. For a male, a jab at his honor is an insult, and most likely will result in an all out defense of his integrity in an effort to regain it. A woman, however, suffers far greater consequences. Her honor is based increasingly on her innocence (celibacy)Read MoreMuch Ado About Nothing by William Shakespeare Essay559 Words   |  3 PagesMuch Ado About Nothing by William Shakespeare The play has comedy, romance, suspense, action and a lot of drama twisted into several hundred lines of verse. In the end, however, everyone is happy and not a lot changes. Thus, Shakespeare shows the reader that although the play is enjoyable and witty, it really is not a very important piece of literature because of its subject matter. The play is important because it shows us that life itself is similarly enjoyable andRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Much Ado About Nothing2083 Words   |  9 Pagesin the end, there are millions of ways that each individual defines love according to their experiences. One individual in particular is Shakespeare, who is widely known for expressing the significance of love in various plays of his, as he portrays several branches of love such as friendship, parental love, and romantic love. In Much Ado about Nothing, Shakespeare demonstrates the ways in which Claudio and Hero’s love shows the triumph of imagination over intelligence compared to Benedick and Beatrice’sRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Much Ado About Nothing Essay1971 Words   |  8 PagesTransition in Much Ado About Nothing William Shakespeare’s Much Ado About Nothing, a comedy filled with differences between genders, witty banter between memorable characters Benedick and Beatrice, a plot of revenge that involves one character faking her death and let’s not forget the masquerade marriage that comes to readers at the end. Much Ado About Nothing, court politics while still maintain a profound amount of humor and wit. However, it is the honor and shame that is prominent in Much Ado About NothingRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Much Ado About Nothing909 Words   |  4 PagesWilliam Shakespeare’s play Much Ado about Nothing traverses the complex social, and emotional trials and triumphs of romantic relationships; Shakespeare’s perspective on the subject is both very similar to ours today, and different. Although filled with sexual innuendos, and humorous trickery and shenanigans, Much Ado about Nothing also dives into the complexities of social anxieties, defense mechanisms to cope with the social pressures, and the emotions involved. First, the characters in MuchRead MoreDifferences Of Shakespeare And Much Ado About Nothing By William Shakespeare1668 Words   |  7 PagesWilliam Shakespeare was a well known British writer who was known for the many plays and sonnets he wrote. This 16th century writer wrote a play called Much Ado About Nothing in the year 1598 (Alchin). This play consists of many characters meddling into each others lives, causing chaos, lots of drama, and even romance making for some very comedic entertainment. The title gives away a lot about the plot that it really is a lot about nothing. Shakespeare is regarded as a very influential writer in

Strategic Audit on Tesco plc free essay sample

Introduction: Tesco Plc is a United Kingdom based international supermarket chain. This report examines Tesco strategies, the reasons behind each component and how vision, aims and cultural value interrelate to make the strategies successful. Tesco was founded in 1919 by Jack Cohen from a market stall in London’s East End. Today it is one of the largest retailers in the world. There are currently a team of over 530,000 people, in 12 markets dedicated to bringing the best value, choice and service to their millions of customers each week. This level of success does not happen by chance. Tesco’s leaders have always set high standards and clear goals, never settling for anything less than the best. Today, they focus on doing the right thing for their customers, colleagues and the communities they serve. Tesco have always been committed to providing the best shopping experience. Jack Cohen (1919) Tesco Ireland: The Tesco businesses in Ireland have grown enormously since they entered in 1997; they are now the leading grocery retailer in the country with 142 stores. Revenue for 2012/2013 was â‚ ¬2,317. 5 million. Tesco are a major contributor to the Irish economy with an annual contribution of â‚ ¬2. 7billion. This includes â‚ ¬705. 8million a year exports to the Tesco Group, including shops in the UK, Central Europe and Asia. Irish exports to the worldwide Tesco Group represented 9% of the total value of Irish food and drink exported in 2010. . According to Nielsen market research, Irish customers have switched to cheaper grocery brands to save money, and are offsetting inflation by shopping â€Å"little and often†. In November 2011, Tesco Ireland opened the zero carbon Cabra store, which is the first zero-carbon supermarket in Ireland. Tesco Ireland is committed to supporting good causes across the country and since 2001 has raised more than â‚ ¬10million for its charity of the year. Tesco have also invested â‚ ¬15million in schools and clubs across Ireland through the Tesco for Schools and Clubs scheme (previously Computers for Schools and Sports for Schools and Clubs Schemes). Over half of all schools in Ireland have benefited from free equipment from Tesco since their entry into the market in 1997. Tesco’s ‘Every Little Helps’ philosophy puts customers, communities and employees at the heart of everything it does. It prides itself on providing a great shopping experience for every customer it serves, whether in stores, online or in its many other service provisions. Tesco Ireland is committed to buying local and supporting Irish suppliers. Over 11,000 Irish farm families supply their produce to Tesco, and every drop of our fresh, non-organic milk is sourced from Irish farms. And 100% of our fresh beef, lamb and pork comes from Irish farmers. We also encourage small community farmers via our Local Supplier Programme, which allows local suppliers to provide high-quality product to Tesco stores near them. Mission Statement, Values and Visions: The company’s mission statement reads, â€Å"Our core purpose is, ‘To create value for customers to earn their lifetime loyalty’. We deliver this through our values, ‘No-one tries harder for customers’, and ‘Treat people how we like to be treated’ †. Tesco is recognised throughout the world as the world leader in retailing. From Tesco’s main values, vision and strategy it is clear that the company will be market leaders in their selected markets but this will be done in a sustainable manner â€Å" in the creation of long-term value for all stakeholders on a socially and environmentally basis†. Tesco’s core purpose (mission) is simple: ‘We make what matters better, together. ’ Companies, like Tesco, that enjoy long-term success, are focused businesses. They have a core vision that remains constant while the business strategies and practices continuously adapt to a changing world. In an increasingly competitive global environment, without a clear vision a business will lack direction and may not survive. A vision is an aspirational view of where the business wants to be. It provides a benchmark for what the business hopes to achieve. Tesco is a company built around customers and colleagues. Its vision guides the direction of the organisation and the strategic decisions it makes. Tesco’s vision is: ‘To be the most highly valued business by: the customers we serve, the communities in which we operate our loyal and committed colleagues and of course, our shareholders. ’ Tesco is viewed as a modern, innovative and an inventive company. They are masters of company data, clubcard inventors, no other company has the analysis that Tesco has evolved. In any business, clear direction is vital. Our Vision guides the direction and the decisions we take as an organisation. Tesco is a company built around customers and colleagues, high-quality assets around the world and multiple opportunities for growth – and these characteristics are central to our Vision for the business. Tesco want to be the most highly valued business by: the customers they serve, the communities in which they operate, their loyal and committed colleagues and of course, their shareholders. Tesco’s vision has five elements which describes the sort of company it aspires to be. These are to be: wanted and needed around the world a growing business, full of opportunities modern, innovative and full of ideas winners locally whilst applying our skills globally inspiring, earning trust and loyalty from customers, our colleagues and communities. Tesco’s values are vital to its success, as shown in the quote below from Group Chief Executive Officer (CEO) Philip Clarke: ‘The Tesco values are embedded in the way we do business at every level. Our values let our people know what kind of business they are working for and let our customers know what they can expect from us. ’ Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR): Tesco is a community-focused global business. Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is at the heart of its operations. This commitment is referred to as ‘Tesco in Society’. In the competitive retailing world Tesco’s success relies on its values. They are not just a list of ‘good attitudes’ but the means to on-going success. Tesco’s approach to working with communities helps it stand out from its rivals. Its commitment to using its scale for good is demonstrated by Tesco’s ‘Three Big Ambitions’: To create new opportunities for millions of young people around the world. To improve health and through this help tackle the global obesity crisis. To lead in reducing food waste globally. These are underpinned by what Tesco calls ‘The Essentials’: We trade responsibly. We are reducing our impact on the environment. We are a great employer. We support our local communities. Philip Clarke summarises Tesco’s commitment to ‘living’ these values in the following statement: Tesco is an environment based on trust and respect If customers like what we offer, they are more likely to come back and shop with us again. If the Tesco team find what we do rewarding, they are more likely to go that extra mile to help our customers. By living the values we create a good place to work where great service is delivered. ’ These values drive everything Tesco does at every level and help make it different from its competitors. Market Share: An article published in the Irish Times on Tuesday the 1st of October 2013, stated the following interesting figures of the market shares of all retail competitors in Ireland. Tesco saw its dominance of the Irish grocery market slip in the 12 weeks to September 15th 2013, with its market share now standing at 26. 8 per cent, compared to a 28. 7 per cent share this time last year, according to research company Kantar Worldpanel. This is the twelfth successive quarter of decline for Tesco, which has lost significant market share to the discounters over the course of the year, he said. Its Tesco Price Promise campaign is clearly aimed at challenging the view that Aldi and Lidl are cheaper and it will be interesting to see the response from shoppers. (Independent. ie) Dunnes Stores and SuperValu meanwhile bolstered their share of the multi-billion euro Irish grocery market and now hold a 22. 1 per cent share and 19. 7 per cent share respectively. German discount retailer Aldi and Lidl saw respective growth rates of 24. 3 per cent and 13. 1 per cent during the 12 weeks to September 15th. David Berry, commercial director at Kantar and Worldpanel, said the build up to the Christmas period will show if the rival discounters can sustain their strong growth or if a ceiling is starting to be reached. â€Å"Their ongoing growth, combined with the improved performance from Dunnes, has placed pressure on Tesco. Its sales have declined by 5. 6 per cent, leading to a 1. 9 percentage point drop in market share,† he added. These above figures all illustrate a tough trading environment in the grocery market. David Berry, said that retailers own brands continued to appeal shoppers in face of depressed household incomes, growing at 2. 3% year on year, as shoppers focus on saving rather than spending, further demonstrating the importance of price to consumers. Competitors: Tesco is recognised throughout the world for been the world leader in retailing. The Tesco Group has one of the largest market shares in the world with an annual turnover in excess of 72 billion and excess to 14 countries. From these massive figures it is clear that the Tesco Group are in a powerful position in their area of business. The fact that Tesco Group is involved in sale of so many products and services means that the company may not have one main competitor but in fact would have a distinctive set of competitors across different product ranges and service areas in the different countries. Here in Ireland, Dunnes Stores and The Musgrave group, along with Aldi and Lidl would be Tesco’s main competitors in the retail market. On a world scale, Walmark and Carrefour would be Tesco’s main competitors and in the U. K, Sainsburys, Ms and Morrisons. One major strength that the Tesco Group has over its competitors is that they have procurement; they have the ability to source the highest standard of raw materials. Also in comparison to other food firms they have the capital to invest large sums of capital into RD and they have the capabilities to obtain the newest and best technology on the market. Example: In Ireland they have advanced technology in Self Service equipment compare to their competitors. Strategic Decision: Tesco came up with a â€Å"Price Promise Plan† to beat the leading competitors Aldi and Lidl. When you shop at Tesco, they’ll check your basket against the prices at Aldi and Lidl. If the cost of the comparable groceries within your shopping is cheaper at Asda, Sainsburys, Aldi or Lidl, they’ll give you a voucher for the difference (up to â‚ ¬10). This incentive tries to prove the lack of differences between Tesco and its competitors. Tesco also continues to expand its range of non-food items as it moves into higher-margin goods and services. Tesco are trying to stay market leader against Sainsburys in the UK. (Anthony Henry) Tesco mobile was launched in 2007, they were the first Irish supermarket to introduce this new incentive, and it has proved to be very successful. Tesco started creating good rivalry against the other networks, such as o2, Vodafone, Meteor within Ireland. Vouchers: Tesco expects to dish out around 13 million vouchers over the next year to customers, which will be worth between â‚ ¬10m and â‚ ¬13m. (Independent. ie) Core Values: Tesco’s core values include a commitment to using its scale for good by being a responsible retailer. Tesco’s continuing success depends on it reassessing and formulating clear business strategies. Tesco aims to improve customer loyalty and its core UK business in order to help it develop the shopping experience for its customers. It committed ? 1 billion to an investment programme to achieve this. Strategies to improve competitiveness were then developed. The driving forces behind these strategies are price, quality, range and innovation as well as delivering great multichannel customer service, for example, through its ‘Click Collect’ service. Tesco’s continuing success depends on it reassessing and formulating clear business strategies. Tesco aims to improve customer loyalty and its core UK business in order to help it develop the shopping experience for its customers. Strategy: A strategy is a plan which sets out how a business deploys its resources to achieve its goals. The company’s values set the tone for the decision-making process. In May 2011, Tesco committed ? 1 billion capital and revenue investment to improve the shopping trip for customers. It set out a seven part strategy designed to achieve its goals of being highly valued by customers and enjoying strong long-term growth. The table shows the main elements of this strategy. Monitoring and evaluating performance: Strategy, vision, values, aims and objectives are meaningless if their impact is not monitored and evaluated. Tesco uses a range of methods to collect data and evaluate progress against targets. It uses its Clubcard scheme, along with telephone based research and an online panel of customers, to determine what customers want and how satisfied they are with Tesco’s performance. Its Executive Committee assesses the progress of large-scale strategies. All of its business units have ‘stretching targets’ which are aspirational targets for certain KPIs. The performance of all business units is monitored continually and reported monthly to the board of directors. The following table shows how Tesco monitored its performance against targets using KPIs for the 2012/13 period. These KPIs are used to assess current performance, make comparisons with previous performance and help managers respond when targets are not being met. For instance, following investigation, an explanation for narrowly missing the staff training target was given: ‘Although narrowly missing this target, Tesco have also heavily invested in our colleagues in the UK this year through our ‘Building a Better Tesco’ plan. More than 250,000 colleague’s in-store have received customer service training, with additional technical training for 36,000 colleagues. ’ Monitoring healthy options for customers and colleagues supports Tesco’s commitment to helping employees and customers make healthy choices and lead healthier lives. In a revolutionary scheme, using data from its Tesco Clubcard, it has developed a healthy little differences tracker. This measures the health profile of a typical shop by measuring the nutritional value of what customers buy. This will be used to set targets to improve customers health by comparing how the profiles vary across different groups in society and how healthy initiatives impact on customers shopping over time. Macro environment: A SWOT analysis of Tesco shows the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats facing the company. Strengths: Tesco’s strengths in grocery retail allow it to compete easily with companies like SuperValu, Aldi, Lidl and Dunnes Stores. This has led to its brand name and financial power becoming strengths in themselves. The introduction of Tesco Express and Tesco Metro show led to strength in flexibility. Profits for Tesco’s operations in Europe, Asia and Ireland increased by 78% during the last fiscal year. The company has a strong brand image, and is associated with good quality, trustworthy goods that represent excellent value. Tesco’s innovative ways of improving the customer shopping experience, as well as its efforts to branch out into finance and insurance have also capitalized on this. Tesco Personal Finance reached the milestone of one million motor insurance policies, making it the fastest growing motor insurance provider ever in the UK. Long Established history in grocery market. Staff with long number of year’s service with vast experiences. Tesco online: Tesco. com is the world’s biggest online supermarket. With millions of households globally using the company’s online services, the company has a strong platform to further develop this revenue stream. Weaknesses: Some of the products are priced high, compare to competitors, such as Aldi and Lidl. Large amount of fossil fuel used in its transport networks. With increasing oil prices, Tesco need to keep a close eye on transport costs. Opportunities: The main opportunity for Tesco, as for all companies, is in the online arena. Tesco has already had many online successes, having turned the Amazon threat into an opportunity by selling books at lower prices. Tesco biggest problem in pursuing possible opportunities is deciding exactly which ones to pursue. A nice position to be in! Health and beauty: Tesco’s health and beauty ranges continue to grow, and it is currently the fastest growing skincare retailer in the market. The company has a volume market-leading position in both toiletries and healthcare and is number one retailer in the baby goods markets. Across all health and beauty ranges Tesco continues to invest in price to deliver the value customers have come to expect. Threats: Possible threats to Tesco include fluctuations in the stock market and tax increases. Huge competition in the grocery market place – customers looking for savings instead of expense. International expansion: International growth is expensive. Entering new markets with a new brand requires heavy investment and marketing, as well as land prices and extra distribution and operation expense. Tesco’s debt may increase before it begins to decline. Human Resource Management: HRM is regarded as up and downstream activity, covering everything from recruitment to management development. The company aims to increase the number of training schemes and further develop its recruitment programmes so to pass on to the customer the benefits of a well recruited, well trained staff, not the costs. Tesco continues to invest in customer service, where training is also linked directly to pay, so the staff are motivated to learn, and are encouraged to improve their approach to customers and service provision quality. A career at Tesco means working for a company that puts people first –â€Å"be they our customers or our colleagues†. (Tesco. ie) Rachael Jones is the store manager in Coventry Arena, UK. She states how she thinks â€Å"Tesco will never let themselves stand still and will never get to the point when they think its good enough. Tesco will keep continuing to listen to its people. They will keep asking the customers what they want, no matter whom they are or what part of the world they come from. They are constantly trying to raise the bar for themselves†. Marketing and Sales: Marketing and sales are placed under downstream elements of the value chain within Tesco. Clubcard gives further discounts and loyalty for the customers. However, Tesco may also decide to attract more customers by advertising via radio, local newspaper and national T. V. e. g. the â€Å"lower prices† advertising campaign or more discounts offers. With a more customer sophistication and their awareness of ethical business practices, it may give the company some constraints in terms of selling environmentally friendly products. In return, Tesco can take it as an advantage and provide customers with more of the recycling points and include information in their advertisements, adding value for customers who will believe that by choosing to shop at Tesco, people are helping the environment. The Management of Tesco stores: Without the management and their stewardship, Tesco group would not be where it is today. Tesco’s management recognise the key role that its mission, vision and strategies play in its success and use a range of key performance indicators (KPIs) to monitor and evaluate its performance. A company can have all the money in the world but without the right expertise in charge of it, it would all go it waste. On the weekend of the 12th of October, I met Enda Shortt; he is a grocery manger in Tesco Carrick On Shannon, Co Leitrim. He explained to me that the management teams within the Carrick on Shannon store are the most determined bunch of people he had ever met. He continued to say that you can see all their ambition to see Tesco achieve further market success. They are all dedicated and motivated about their jobs. They ensure that the adequate resources are in place to enable the store can meet the needs of their stakeholders (shareholders, employees, customers, etc). They are committed to the company becoming more successful and face the further with confidence. They let their employees have their opinion and reward them for good work. Enda discussed with me that management are spending more time monitoring the financial aspect of the store and cutting down on expenditure where possible. They are getting advice on new technology available and are investigating in new projects which they feel will make the store more competitive and more efficient in terms of saving money and energy. They are budgeting constantly, and carry out stock takes on a weekly basis. Enda finished by stating that, â€Å"the management are doing a brilliant job and are committed to achieving their objectives and getting results. Tesco need strong leadership to continue to develop and successfully face the challenges with competitors and take the right opportunities in the future†. The Board and Executive Committee: The Tesco board currently comprises the Chairman, Sir Richard Broadbent, two Executive Directors and seven independent Non-executive Directors. (See Appendix: Figure 5) Key Facts: Financial Facts: ? 72. 4 billion group sales and ? 3. 5billion trading profit before tax. Global Facts: 530,000 employees worldwide and 6,784 stores. UK Facts: 310,000 colleagues in the UK and 3,146 stores in the UK. Tesco Bank: ? 1. 0 billion revenue and ? 191million trading profit. Europe: ? 9. 3billion revenue and ? 329million trading profit. Asia: ? 11. 5billion revenue and ? 661million trading profit. UK: ? 43. 6billion revenue and ? 2,272 million trading profit. Problems they face in the future: I believe that Tesco will face a massive downturn in profits within the next 3 to5 years. Competitors such as Aldi and Lidl seem to be increasing their market share at a rapid speed. Tesco have introduced the â€Å"Price Promise† to help them match their differences compare to their competitor’s brands but I feel this is not a good, strong strategic plan. To remain the number 1 retailer throughout the globe, Tesco will have to implement expensive marketing tactics and plans. Conclusion: The setting of a clear vision is central to Tesco’s success, supported by a commitment to establishing and monitoring specific objectives and devising strategies to ensure these are achieved. All aspects of the business are regularly monitored and, when necessary, plans are adapted to ensure targets are ultimately met. At the heart of all Tesco does is a commitment to being a responsible retailer.

Authors Here are 10 Must-Read Marketing Books

Authors Here are 10 Must-Read Marketing Books The 10 Best Marketing Books for Authors Most authors have enough saved blog posts on how to market a book to fill an anthology. But the benefit of a marketing book is that it covers one person's philosophy or approach from start to finish, so you can get a better look at the whole picture. Blog surfing can result in a lot of conflicting half-thoughts. So if you’re looking to brush up on your marketing savvy but still want the pleasure of flicking through chapters of seamless narrative, we suggest taking a look at the following ten best marketing books for authors - all hand-picked by the industry experts on our marketplace! Check out the 10 best marketing books for authors as suggested by industry professionals! 1. Online Marketing for Busy Authors: A Step-By-Step Guide - Fauzia BurkeYou may be a great author. But are you a great copywriter? The two skills require separate muscles, but both are important to get right if you want your work to end up on people’s reading lists’. This book goes over how to structure compelling copy for the various types of media you might be advertising on, covers common copywriting mistakes, and provides templates you can apply to your own product. You’ll be ready to join the ranks of Don Draper in no time.TLDR: Born-writer but not born-marketer? Learn how to write all over again - this time copy that will allow you to increase your sales on Amazon and to get more out of an adverts you run. "It doesn’t make you any less of an artist to know the ins and outs of marketing." #Marketingadvice this way! 10.  Make Art Make Money: Lessons from Jim Henson on Fueling Your Creative Career - Elizabeth Hyde StevensThis one is not technically about marketing, but after a steady diet of books on â€Å"targeting† and â€Å"strategizing,† we wanted to end this list on an inspirational note. As the title suggests, this book follows the life of Jim Henson (the man who brought us The Muppets) and is about being an artist while also making money. Its two most important lessons focus on:the importance of creators remaining at least partly in control of their enterprises (a shout-out to self-publishing authors if we’ve ever heard one!), andbalance: don’t let money make you lose sight of your passion, but don’t neglect your business savvy. It doesn’t make you any less of an artist to know the ins and outs of marketing, it ensures you can continue to create by allowing you to reach audiences/customers.TLDR: Don’t read this book for actionable marketin g tips - read it to remind yourself that your work’s success is worth fighting for.Have you read one of these books?  Do you have any favorites we didn't mention? Drop them in the comments below and we'll add them to the list!

Free Online Computer Courses for Adults

Free Online Computer Courses for Adults Whether you are new to the computer or just want to brush up on your skills, you can find a free course online to meet your needs. Working through tutorials is a great way to practice computer skills you can use every day at home or at work. Entry-Level Courses There are numerous computer classes designed for beginners; they cover a variety of topics, from email and web browsing to word processing and graphic design. GCFLearnFree:  This treasure trove of free classes is designed for all computer owners, whether youre a PC, Mac, or Linux fan. Free classes cover basic skills, email, internet browsing, and Mac and Windows basics. For more advanced users, free classes in social media, cloud storage, image editing, and mobile devices bring you up to date with the most recent hardware and software.ALISON:  ALISON ABC IT is a free online information technology  course that teaches everyday computing as it relates to work and life. The course focuses on Microsoft Office  applications and touch typing. Topics include computer software and hardware, file management, IT safety, email, and word processing. The program takes 15 to 20 hours to complete. A score of 80 percent or more in each of the course assessments qualifies you for a self-certification from ALISON.Home Learn: All the free online tutorials at the Home Learn site are aimed at complete beginners. You dont need any experience to get st arted. Tutorials cover Windows XP, Windows 7, and Windows 10. Several courses cover dealing with spyware. The beginners guide to going wireless addresses the basics, including routers, what you need to buy to go wireless, and safety. Outlook Express is the subject of 10 tutorials. Free-ed: Offers a  collection  of free e-books, courses, and tutorials on computer programming, operating systems, database operations, web scripting, and design, networking, communications, game design, animation, and virtual reality.Meganga: Provides free basic computer training for beginners and seniors.  The video tutorials cover computer basics, Windows, troubleshooting, Word, Outlook, and other topics.CT Distance Learning Consortium: The CTDLC offers a free four-module tutorial that covers computer skills, email, word processing, and web browsing. Each of the modules is self-paced and comes with review questions so you can evaluate your progress. The computer skills module includes instruction on using a mouse, click and double-click, opening and closing files, locating saved files, and copying and pasting between files and text.Education Online for Computers.com: Offers both free and paid training. The free training includes instruction on computer software including Wor d, Excel, Access, Outlook, Powerpoint, Photoshop, Flash, and web development. Intermediate and Advanced Courses Once youve mastered the basics, you may wish to explore more advanced computer applications, including program design, data analysis, and cybersecurity. FutureLearn: Offers hundreds of free online courses from top universities and other organizations. These classes last up to several weeks each and are suitable for intermediate and advanced computer users. Topics include robotics, social media, digital accessibility, managing your identity, searching and researching, and cybersecurity.Skilledup: Offers a collection of free online computer science courses. Although some classes are self-paced, some  require weeks or months of study, just like real college courses. Among the topics covered are cryptography, compilers, program design, hardware security, fundamentals of programming, web development, web intelligence, and big data.

Amniocentesis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 3

Amniocentesis - Essay Example The risks and benefits of amniocentesis should be considered before opting for this prenatal test. Amniocentesis is mostly recommended after false positive or false negative triple screen test which is a simple blood tests used for the same purposes. Amniocentesis is performed with the aid of ultrasound and the amniotic fluid is collected through a needle and takes about 45 minutes. The collected fluid is used for laboratory analysis. 14 and 20 weeks of pregnancy are the most suitable time for the procedure to be performed. However, the amniocentesis can be delayed till the third trimester (America Pregnancy Association 2006). The procedure is indicated mostly in pregnant women above the age of 35, a couple who has a history of previous children with Down’s Syndrome or any other chromosomal abnormality, history of genetic disease in the family and detection of any chromosomal abnormality in any of the parents (Sloane 2002). The most common chromosomal abnormality looked for in amniocentesis is Down’s syndrome or Trisomy 21. Neural tube defects like spina bifida and genetic disorders like cystic fibrosis are also looked for in the amniotic fluid. More than 70 inborn errors of metabolism can be detected through amniocentesis for instance Tay’ Sachs disease, Fabry’s disease, galactosemia and Gaucher’s disease. The increasing age of the mother is a high risk factor for development of chromosomal abnormalities specifically Down’s syndrome. Hence, the importance of amniocentesis in older age mothers increases. With early detection of the disorders, an abortion can be performed to prevent the birth of a baby suffering from a lifetime of deformity and suffering. However, those who disagree with the notion of abortion, this procedure is mostly useless for them (Sloane 2002; American Pregnancy Association 2006). Since

The Effects of Social Networks on Firm Performance Research Paper

The Effects of Social Networks on Firm Performance - Research Paper Example The paper tells that in the field of product development the inter organization networks can be very effective for the joint discussion about the product. Many new and small firms have lack of resources for the development, mainly due to inexperience and a lack of goodwill. Thus as a way of competing and grabbing a foothold in such a scenario involves bootstrapping, which involves activities for securing funds and resources. By using social networks such companies can gather finances, by building up strong ties in the initial stages and later on weak ties as they grow big. CEO’s of different firms have been known to have taken advice from outside through social networking. In this way they seek to get an outside opinion and an altogether different perspective regarding certain strategic issues. These enhance the performance of the firms. Another important aspect which is emerging slowly is the concept of a local social capital where an individual who values more of his local c ontacts, even though he has global contacts. This is relevant mainly in case of local entrepreneurs. Thus according to scientists, people with more and better social capital will be able to realize their goals. Ranging from contracts to building goodwill and securing finances, social capital is the priority in all types of endeavors around the globe. Social ties have been found to regulate exchanges through an informal and interpersonal way and they help to push back the limitations of a weak infrastructure, especially in the case of a financial crisis. (Sheng et al, 2011, p. 1). The study is to provide several facts and discussions in relation to social networks and social capital and their effect on firm performance based on the following

Sports Among Women Spectators In India Media Essay

Sports Among Women Spectators In India Media Essay Watching sport represents a predominant form of leisure behavior in todays society. Large numbers of people attend sporting events and think of themselves as sport fans. Traditionally, participation in sports as a spectator has been a male dominated activity. Women differ from men on various parameters such as physicality, psychographics, behavioral parameters, consumer behavior and consumption experiences. The differences between men and women on these parameters make it difficult for marketers to target them together as a unified segment. But, irrespective of the differences between men and women on various parameters, sports goods manufacturers and sports events marketers have pursued traditional male-oriented marketing policies. But in recent times due to a radical change in social and financial status of women, there has been an increased participation in and consumption of sports by women. This has caused marketers to add a female- oriented focus to their strategies. The recent introduction of female commentators in cricket to strategies to attract women in the latest IPL edition with attractive offers shows a definite change in the marketing strategies of media and marketing professionals. Also more and more women are turning to sports for recreational purpose. With the sports industry turning more to women consumers, it has become necessary for marketers to research womens consumption behavior and consumption experiences to come up with gender specific strategies. Hence, this study would be to understand how the Indian woman consumes sports and the level of involvement or motivation achieved set in the context of the Indian society. Literature Review Sports as a genre is present in everybodys life, be it in terms of participation or watching. Sports has the power to inspire, build communities, to make people cry, laugh. In the hands of an ingenious marketer sports has an almost enigmatic pull towards the target consumer. Traditionally, sports participation and consumption was viewed to be masculine or a part of male dominion. However, with increasing number of women who have found economic and social independence the domain of sports is no longer completely a male bastion. Increasingly women are breaking the stereotypes of passivity and are actively consuming and participating in sports. Major strides have been made over the past few years in providing participation opportunities for girls and women in sports. Media visibility has increased for a number of women players both internationally and nationally like Venus Williams, Anna Kounikova or Sania Mirza. The consumption of sports and leisure by men and women is dependent on a lot of factors such as prevalent societal norms, beliefs and attitudes. In the context of sports and leisure, what is associated with men and masculinity is valued over what is associated with women and femininity. Hence, it is important to explore the underlying societal norms to understand the consumption patterns. A post modernistic approach In a postmodern society, the prevalent ideology is that what is considered masculine or feminine will break down as the boundaries between masculinity and femininity continue to blur and the different forms of gender multiply. Activities that conventionally convey clear meanings, such as combat conveying masculinity and gracefulness conveying femininity, will no longer be obvious. A postmodern vision of these categories blurring into one should be liberating because it lessens the likelihood of gender being used as a way to categorize. In the context of sports and leisure, this suggests that gender is less likely to influence participation or consumption of sports previously marked as masculine or feminine. Analysing literature would help us to understand historical trends of sports and leisure participation by gender in various scenarios. Home Vs Workplace Women have been historically been associated with activities conducted at home such as gardening, sewing and cooking, due to recent advancements in technology the efforts required for the chores have reduced immensely but the modern society still views it as a womans job. Unskilled tasks such as cleaning, eating, cooking, sleeping, leisure and child rearing were performed at home, Men were connected with activities in the workplace and less connected with the ones at home. Home for men essentially was a place to recoup from a hard days work. A similar separation exists in sports and leisure today. ( McGinnis, Chun, and McQuillan, 2003) According to Hendersons review (1990), leisure for women tends to consist of activities which is near or at home because it can be infused with household chores and because few opportunities for leisure exist outside the home. According to another research by Kane, It was argued that women tend to define themselves in terms of human relationships, hence, they consume within the context of home and family. The complexity increases for a career woman as then the leisure is dependent on family environments, especially children. Women use home as a primary place and means for leisure. And in case a leisure opportunity comes along which is out of home, then it is sort of offered in such a way as to not hamper household responsibilities. In this case, leisure itself can be seen as constraining, as it reinforces gender appropriateness (Shaw 1994). While it appears that leisure opportunities certainly exist for women outside the home, the literature suggests that leisure for women is still largely perceived as a secondary concern. Opportunities for leisure exist, but only when other duties and other concerns have been addressed first. Expectations of a women and her role in society appear to transcend the opportunities outside the home. Men face the same constraint, but can define what is expected of them more so than women. Spectatorship and Leisure time It is a common point of contention that men and women both enjoy watching sports on television, but their preferences differ, as men tend to prefer more competitive and aggressive sports as compared to women. We find evidences of media reinforcement of the gendered consumption patterns, for example NBC positioned the Olympics with storylines resembling soap operas. Men have generally dominated the consumption of organised sports. But the Spectator Gender Gap is reducing with more women watching conventionally male sports such as Golf, football. However, research suggests that attempts by women to increase their sports consumption in a way threatens the male dominion as sports is viewed as a masculine domain where men are allowed to bond with one another. Women entering this domain are seen as upsetting this setting (McGinnis, Chun, and McQuillan, 2003). Leisure is another area where the gender gap exists, women in general experience a lesser amount of free time as compared to men as their part of their free time is generally spent doing housework or taking care of children. Men can experience larger blocks of free time without worrying about other commitments. Role of the Indian Media Women are traditionally not encouraged to indulge in sports. Sports are men oriented, where men play and women watch. It is clearly visible in the Indian media too, be it films or advertisements. For instance, in an advertisement of Clinic Plus shampoo, a coach of a boys cricket team in school discourages a girl to play with the team by fearing, when he says, Baal kharab ho jayege (your hair will get damaged if you will play cricket in sun). Another advertisement of Tata sky featuring Gul Panag and Aamir Khan, she has been portrayed as a woman for whom sports is a nuisance. During the cricket matches and sports world cups, time and again, many news channels have shown how women have to sacrifice watching their saas-bahu dramas and newspapers also write about falling TRPs of TV serial and how these matches are a jeremiad for women. Because in the family, their husbands, brothers and father are glued tothe sports channel and the power of attorney for the remote control is transferred t o men for those few days when the matches are held. In addition, Some of the commonly held beliefs associated with female fans and women sports are explored below- Women are not interested in sports fact or fiction In terms of viewership, over 2.2 crore women watched the 2003 World Cup in India alone. Female viewership comprised an astounding 46% of the total World Cup viewing population and TRPS for female viewership for India matches climbed to a phenomenal 9.8, significantly higher than the 3.9 registered during the Nat West Trophy final played at Lords in June 2002(ESPNSTAR, Interesting history of womens cricket in India).The Twenty20 World Cup had a strong, growing female audience for the sport and its not restricted to cricket alone. There is an overall 54 per cent increase in ratings for the three tennis grand slams-especially with regard to womens viewership where the growth has been significant. To reach out to this diverse market, most channels are developing a strong programming line-up that is a healthy mix of acquired and original content. (The financial express, Cashing in on sports). For the first time, a non-cricketing glamorous female host Mandira Bedi was brought in as a studio anchor. The experience was something which shocked cricket purists. But with a mix of elements for the purist as well as the novice and the fence sitters, Extraaa Innings combined academic cricket with mainstream entertainment like never before. This resulted in a whopping 50% increase in average rating of Indian matches and 37% increase in the rating of non-India matches, reached out to a record 78% of the Indian audiences in CS homes. More interestingly the female gross reach grew by an unprecedented 261%. Mandira Bedi became a celebrity and was soon a part of life even for women in conservative Indian households. Purists like Wisden, which condemned the experiment with women anchors during the ICC Champions Trophy in Colombo in September 2002, were forced to retreat. Women joined betting circles and housewives in Delhi and Ahmedabad formed clubs to enjoy the sport (ESPNSTAR, Interesting history of womens cricket in India). In terms of playing the sport, there has been significant increase in the number of professional sportswomen in variety of sports including Badminton, tennis, hockey, golf and athletics. The increase in the number of tournaments is a testament to that fact, recently an international basketball tournament the FIBA Asia Womens Championship was hosted by Chennai, Featuring the best players and top teams from across the continent, the tournament was a success. (Deccan Chronicle, India Wakes up to alternative sports) Female sports fans are different from male sports fans -fact or fiction? According to a research by Sargent, Zillmann, and Weaver, men and women enjoy distinctly different types of sports. Their findings revealed that males preferred watching combative sports on television whereas females were partial to stylistic sports. Sport socialization research examines the impact that environmental forces have on children and individuals from two different perspectives: socialization into sport and socialization through sport. This line of inquiry indicates that people are attracted to sport due to formal channels (i.e., parents, peers, coaches, mass media, teachers) and informal channels (i.e., school, church, and community-based programs), as researched by Kenyon McPherson . Media plays a primary role for introducing new teams and sport leagues to adults. According to a study by Bruce, Institutional, social, and familial contexts also shape viewers interpretations of sports broadcasts. He also found that women did not display strong loyalties to specific womens sports teams that are common with men and their favorite mens teams. This was attributed to the extensive sports information and media attention given to mens sports. In a study on cognitive development and socialization by James, in the initial development of team loyalty, it was found that children form preferences for sports teams early in life. Results of this study revealed and that the gender stereotype associating sports with males was prevalent among children and that fathers were the most influential socializing agent in introducing children to sports teams. In a study on experiences and effects of viewing televised sports, Gantz and Wenner found differences based on gender for 9 of the 15 motivation items examined; however, these differences were not dramatic. Most notable among their findings, women were more likely to watch televised sports for companionship and sharing the experience with family and friends whereas men watched to unwind and become wrapped up in the excitement and drama of the game. Men invested more time in reading, listening, watching, and talking about sports and they were more likely to experience emotional fluctuations from watching sports. Men also tend to display a fan behavior and identify more strongly as a fan according to Dietz-Uhler. However, an equal number of male and female college students considered themselves to be sport fans. Females reported being fans because they attended and watched sporting events with family and friends while males were more likely to consider themselves fans because they played sports and wanted to acquire sports information. Measuring Spectator Motives Various methods to research on sport spectators have been developed which utilizes a number of scales to assess the psychological motives related to attendance, media usage and interest at live sporting events. 1) One of the first methods was developed by Wann. He designed a comprehensive scale to measure eight factors observed to influence behavior; eustress, self-esteem, escape, entertainment, economic (gambling), aesthetic, group affiliation, and family. 2) Second method developed by Trail and James was the Motivation Scale for Sport Consumption (MSSC) to examine ten aspects of spectator behavior: achievement, acquisition of knowledge, aesthetics, drama, escape, family, physical attraction, physical skills of players, and social interaction. 3) Thirdly, McDonald, Milne and Hong (2002) utilized a scale to measure spectator and sport participant motives related to: risk-taking, stress reduction, aggression, affiliation, social facilitation, self-esteem, competition, achievement, skill mastery, aesthetics, value development, and self-actualization. Research Methodology Conceptual Framework or Problem Definition Till now through an extensive analysis of literature we have seen that men and women both consume sports in their own way and one cannot generalize the consumption pattern of women. The motivations and the level of involvement for women depend on a lot of factors. Research Gap : There is no study done in the Indian context to understand the women sports consumers, their stages of involvement and motivations to participate. Hence, this study is a step towards achieving an understanding of the same. Research Objective: The objective of the research is to understand the Woman sports consumer in terms of her involvement level and motivation to consume a particular sport. The study of motivation for predicting consumer behavior is very difficult as to understand the interrelation between motives and specific behavior. Also, to develop a list of consumer motives comprehensive enough to capture the wide variety of motivating forces that stimulate and shape behavior is challenging. To do the above, a framework could be constructed in the form of a social continuum which broadens the sport consumer motivation notion by using involvement as a motivational construct to distinguish between various levels. Factors like womans role in the society would also be a part of this construct. Hence, a study of the immediate environment becomes imperative for studying the consumption pattern. The level of involvement of women consumer of sports should form the basis of the framework of social continuum where the stages vary from viewership to acceptance to fan base to taking part or actively playing to encouraging others to play or advocacy. As shown below, Identification of critical factors which defines each of the stages could be looked at and the motives of each stage should also be looked at. According to each stage a corresponding set of behavior would be associated. Understanding different spectator motivations and involvement levels can be of significant benefit to the sport marketer looking to boost team revenues and gate receipts. Of particular interest are both the marketing manager understanding the specific motivations that drive a spectator or fan to consume a sport and the subsequent development of marketing communications based on these motivations. These effective marketing communication plans can often help build groups of diehard fans, thus expanding the customer base for a team. Spectator and fan motivation can also be used as an effective psychographic segmentation method that can result in more effective marketing campaigns. Sub Research Objective: Involvement Involvement could be defined as a state of interest, stimulation or motivation towards an object, a product or even an activity. As put by a study done by Mitchell, Involvement represents an internal state variable that reflects the amount of arousal, interest, or drive evoked by a particular stimuli or situation that mediates consumer behavior. Application of the involvement construct to examine sport spectators and sport fans would provide a fuller understanding of motives and what stimuli and situations direct behavior (e.g., attendance, purchase of team merchandise, media consumption) and attitudinal formation (e.g., preferences, commitment, loyalty). Some parameters of study for involvement would be Importance of product as perceived by the consumer Pleasure or enjoyment provided by the product Risk of making the wrong purchase or participating in the non enjoyable activity Self expression it represents the identification of the person with the purchase or participation Centrality to lifestyle, encompasses socializing and interactions Motivation Theories and studies have been done by researchers on how to assess the motives for consuming sports. These motives can be generally classified into the broad categories of study as Entertainment Stress and stimulation seeking Social Interaction Achievement seeking Approach to Analysis According to the sample defined above, the research would be conducted two phases: Phase 1: This would be in the form of exploratory research which would be used to develop a conceptual model for examining involvement stages and their corresponding motives. The purpose of this is to identify any potential parameters related to spectator motives or involvement framework which were missed. In-depth interview of 5 respondents approximately would be taken in each market segment. Phase 2: This is the validation phase where the qualitative study would be validated by quantitative so that the result of the first phase could be extrapolated to a larger population if required. Sampling Universe: The sampling universe could be defined as young women who are primarily college goers or into the first 2-3 years of job, who follow at least one sport, belonging to SEC A or SEC B. Details of Phase I Sample Size: 15-20 (Qualitative study) The sample size setting is done with a non-statistical approach where the selection is done anticipating subgroup analysis. The anticipation is that 4 meaningful clusters (market segments) would emerge and each cluster will contain approximately 5 respondents in average. SEC A SEC B College Goers Urban Semi Urban Working Women Semi Urban Urban This is for the qualitative part of the research. Sampling Procedure: Convenience Sampling (Non- probability sampling) Care would be taken to ensure that heterogeneity of the entire population can be effectively covered in the sample. Details of Phase II The phase II methodology would depend on the data collected in the first phase. Scope The study would help marketers understand the woman spectator motivations and stages of involvement in consuming sports in India, in turn, help in predicting behavior This would help marketers tap into the growing woman spectator base. Expected Contribution There has been no study on understanding women spectators in the Indian context done till date. This research would help both the academia and industry to understand an upcoming segment. Understanding different spectator motivations and involvement levels is important for a sport marketer to tap the women consumer segment which is increasingly becoming independent economically and socially. Understanding the involvement and motivations that drive a woman spectator to consume a sport in India would help marketers target this segment with crisp and relevant marketing communications. The involvement stages and motivations can also be used as an effective psychographic segmentation method for forming effective campaigns.

Herois Tradition throughout British Literature :: essays papers

Herois Tradition throughout British Literature Throughout British Literature, there are many instances of heroism. To be considered a hero by others in the time period of 449 to 1625, you must be, â€Å"noted for feats of courage or nobility of purpose: especially, one who has risked or sacrificed his life† (Morris 618). Four characters in British Literature that portray heroic traits are Beowulf, Sir Gawain, Macbeth, and the Knight of The Canterbury Tales. Beowulf shows himself worthy of the title of being a hero when he leaves his country to help a neighboring country, Denmark and rid them of the long lasting fear of a malicious monster known as Grendel. Sir Gawain is considered a hero by many because of his loyalty to King Arthur. He even risks his life so that King Arthur would live and participates in the Green Knights challenge. Although Macbeth has got a few more faults than other heroes have in British Literature, his name is still synonymous with â€Å"hero†. Aristotle says â€Å"the tragic hero has to fa ll from grace †¦ after being on top† (Chui 1). Before the three witches tell Macbeth the false prophecies, Macbeth is in held is high accord, yet afterwards, his ambition tears him down and he does anything it takes gain the role of King. The Knight, from The Canterbury Tales, excels beyond all others when it comes to being a hero. He is the most loyal and is admired by the other characters for his courage, bravery in battle and his exploits in war. He is on a religious pilgrimage not to make money or any other avaricious deed that the other characters are on the pilgrimage for, he is on the pilgrimage to worship God, which is also honored by his peers as being heroic. All four characters mentioned have heroic traits and they all are considered heroes. Although they might gain their title in different ways and for the wrong reasons, they are truly heroes. In British Literature, many stories have been influenced by the heroic traditions of their time period. The characters , although in different stories, all portray the heroic tradition in British Literature. The character Beowulf, â€Å"a man of great strength and bravery† (Magill 388), is a hero in the way he defends his neighboring country, Denmark. When the word that a hostile creature, known as Grendel, was killing tons in Denmark, Beowulf set sail to help defend the people and rid them of the hideous monster.

Mughal Emperor Akbar

Muhammad Akbar was born at Aurangabad in the Deccan to Dilras Banu Begum, Aurangzeb's first wife and chief consort. She was a member of the Safavid dynasty and was the daughter of Mirza Shahnawaz Khan, a minister at the mughal court. She died when Akbar was only one month old. For this reason, Akbar was brought up with special care and affection by his father. He was his father's favourite and most-loved son as Aurangzeb, himself, said in a letter to him, â€Å"God be my witness that I have loved you more than my other sons. † At the age of 15, Akbar was wed to a granddaughter of his paternal uncle, Dara Shikoh, who had been killed at Aurangzeb's behest. Salima begum was the daughter of Sulaiman Shikoh, eldest son of Dara Shikoh. Later, Akbar also married a daughter of an Assamese nobleman. He was the father of two sons and two daughters, including Nikusiyar, who briefly became mughal emperor in 1719. Like other Mughal princes, Muhammad Akbar administered various provinces and fought minor campaigns under the guidance of experienced officers. His first independent command was during Aurangzeb’s war of the Jodhpur succession. The Rajput War[edit] Jaswant Singh, who was Maharaja of Jodhpur, was also a high-ranking Mughal officer. He died at his post on the Khyber Pass on 10 December 1678. He died without leaving male issue, but two of his wives were pregnant at the time of his death. The succession was thus unclear. When the news of the death reached Aurangzeb, he immediately dispatched a large army (9 January 1679) to occupy the state of Jodhpur. One of the division of this army was commanded by Akbar. Aurangzeb occupied Jodhpur ostensibly to secure the succession for any male infant born to Jaswant's pregnant widows. He declared that such rightful heir would be invested with his patrimony upon coming of age. However, relations between Jaswant and Aurangzeb had not been very happy, and it was feared that Aurangzeb, a notorious bigot, would annex the state for good on this pretext. Indeed, incumbent officers in Jodhpur state were replaced by mughal officers. Many temples in Jodhpur were broken and the idols were carried to Delhi, where they were placed at the entrance of the Jama Masjid so that they could be trampled underfoot and defiled by the Muslims. After thus effectively annexing the largest Hindu state in northern India, Aurangzeb reimposed the jaziya tax on the non-Muslim population (2 April 1679), almost a century after it had been abolished by his tolerant ancestor Akbar I. All this made the emperor extremely unpopular among the Rajputs. One of Jaswant's pregnant wives was duly delivered of a son, who was named Ajit Singh. Officers loyal to Jaswant brought his family back to Jodhpur and rallied the clan to the standards of the infant. The Rajputs of Jodhpur (Rathore clan) forged an alliance with the neighboring Rajput state of Mewar (Sisodia clan). Maharana Raj Singh of Mewar withdrew his army to the western portion of his kingdom, marked by the rugged Aravalli hills and secured by numerous hill-forts. From this position, the smaller but faster Rajput cavalry units could surprise the Mughal outposts in the plains, loot their supply trains, and bypass their camps to ravage neighbouring Mughal provinces. In the second half of 1680, after several months of such setbacks, Aurangzeb decided on an all-out offensive. Nicolao Manucci, an Italian gunner in the Mughal army, says: â€Å"for this campaign, Aurangzeb put in pledge the whole of his kingdom. Three separate armies, under Aurangzeb's sons Akbar, Azam and Muazzam, penetrated the Aravalli hills from different directions. However, their artillery lost its effectiveness while being dragged around the rugged hills and both Azam and Muazzam were defeated by the Rajputs and beaten back. Akbar’s rebellion[edit] Akbar and his general Tahawwur Khan had been instructed to try to b ribe the Rajput nobles to the Mughal side, but in these attempts, they themselves were ensnared by the Rajputs. The Rajputs incited Akbar to rebel against his father and offered all support. They pointed out to him that Aurangzeb’s attempt to annex the Rajput states was disturbing the stability of India. They also reminded him that the open bigotry displayed by Aurangzeb in reimposing jaziya and demolishing temples was contrary to the wise policies of his ancestors. Prince Akbar lent a willing ear to the Rajputs and promised to restore the policies of the illustrious Akbar. On 1 January 1681, Akbar declared himself Emperor, issued a manifesto deposing his father, and marched towards Ajmer to fight him. As the commander of a Mughal division, Akbar had a force of 12,000 cavalry with supporting infantry and artillery. To this, the Maharana of Mewar added 6,000 Rajput cavalry, being half his own army. As this combined army crossed Jodhpur state, numerous war-bands of Rathores joined up and increased its strength to 25,000 cavalry. Meanwhile, various Mughal divisions deployed around the Aravalli hills had been racing to come to Aurangzeb’s aid. Aurangzeb however resorted to threats and treachery: he sent a letter to Tahawwur Khan promising to pardon him but also threatening to have his family publicly dishonored by camp ruffians if he refused to submit. The Mughal noble secretly came over to meet his master but was killed in a scuffle at the entrance to Aurangzeb’s tent. The crafty Mughal Emperor then wrote a false letter to Akbar and arranged it such that the letter was intercepted by the Rajputs. In this letter, Aurangzeb congratulated his son for finally bringing the Rajput guerillas out in the open where they could be crushed by father and son together. The Rajput commanders suspected this letter to be false but took it to Akbar’s camp for an explanation. Here they discovered that Tahawwur Khan had disappeared. Suspecting the worst, the Rajputs departed in the middle of the night. The next morning, Akbar woke to find his chief adviser and his allies gone and his own soldiers deserting by the hour to Aurangzeb. The would-be emperor escaped the prospect of war with his father by hastily departing the camp with a few close followers. He caught up with the Rajputs commanders and mutual explanations followed. Aftermath[edit] Seeing that Akbar had attempted no treachery and that he could be useful, the Rathore leader Durgadas took Akbar to the court of the Maratha king Sambhaji, seeking support for the project of placing him on the throne of Delhi. For fully five years, Akbar stayed with Sambhaji, hoping that the latter would lend him men and money to strike and seize the Mughal throne for himself. But at that time, Sambhaji was engaged in uncovering the conspiracy against him. After which, he was engrossed in wars against Siddhis of Janjira, Chikka Dev Rai of Mysore, Portuguese of Goa and Aurangzeb. In September 1686, Sambhaji sent Akbar to Persia. In Persia, Akbar was said to pray daily for the speedy death of his father, which alone would give him another chance to wrest the Mughal throne for himself. On hearing of this, Aurangzeb is said to have remarked, â€Å"Let us see who dies first. He or I! † As it turned out, Akbar died in 1704, three years before his father’s demise. He died at the town of Mashhad in Persia. Two of Akbar's children were brought up by the Rajputs, until as a result of peace negotiations, they were handed over to the old emperor. Akbar's daughter Safiyat-un-nissa was sent to her grandfather in 1696 and his son Buland Akhtar was returned in 1698. The latter, when presented in court, shocked his grandfather and nobles by speaking fluently in the Rajasthani language. Legacy[edit] In the words of Jadunath Sarkar: â€Å"The rebellion of Prince Akbar, though it was fostered by the Rajputs and originated, grew to fullness, and expired in Northern India, changed the history of the Deccan and hastened the fate of the Mughal Empire as well. His flight to Shambhuji raised a danger to the throne of Delhi which could be met only by Aurangzib’s personal appearance in the south. But for this alliance, the Emperor would have left Bijapur and Golconda to be occasionally threatened and fleeced by his generals, while the Maratha king would have been tolerated as a necessary evil and even as a thorn in the side of Bijapur. But Akbar’s flight to the Deccan forced a complete change on the imperial policy in that quarter. The first task of Aurangzeb now was to crush the power of Shambhuji and render Akbar impotent for mischief. For this he patched up a peace with the Maharana (June 1681) and left for the Deccan to direct the operations of his army. † Notes[edit] ^ According to Tarikh-i-Muhammadi, his death of death is 31 March 1706 (Irvine, William (1922) Later Mughals, Volume I, Jadunath Sarkar ed. , Calcutta: M. C. Sarkar & Sons, p. 1) ^ Sir Jadunath Sarkar (1919). Studies in Mughal India. W. Heffer and Sons.

The, The And Non Religious - 1320 Words

Whether your religious or non-religious, this passage has proven throughout history, how our environment, beginning with our parents, shapes our identity influencing the many decisions we make in life. Often question of what shapes the personality of a person comes to play. Is it genes that shapes a person’s personality? Are personalities formed through hereditary traits? Is the environment we live in a primary source of our personality? In â€Å"Desire’s Baby† we see a loving relationship quickly turn sour through discovery on innocence, with anger soon becoming a revelation of shame. In â€Å"Passing of Grandison†, the drive of the young protagonist, only for his own gain, is accomplished in an unexpected way as the true picture is hidden†¦show more content†¦In the end, its revealed, as part of an old letter between his parents, that Armand mother belonged to the race he despised so much. As the conclusion of his mother writes, â€Å"But, abov e all, night and day, I thank the good God for having so arranged our lives that our dear Armand will never know that his mother, who adores him, belongs to the race that is cursed with the brand of slavery.† â€Å"The Passing of Grandison† follows Dick Owens and his slave, Grandison, as they travel north. To prove he is capable of heroic deeds to win the affection of Charity Lomax, Dick decided to take one of his father’s, Colonel Owens, slaves and set him free. His plan is thwarted when placed with his father’s most trusted slave, Grandison. Being extremely loyal to the Colonel, we see the resiliency of Grandison as Dick brings suggestions of freedom, Grandison, said Dick one morning, after finishing his toilet, this is the chance of your life to go around among your own people and see how they live. Have you met any of them? Yas, suh, I s seen some of em. But I don keer nuffin fer em, suh, Dey re diffe nt f m de niggers down ou way. Dey lows dey re free, but dey ain got sense nuff ter know dey ain half as well off as dey would be down Souf, whar dey d be preciated. Soon enough, after theShow MoreRelatedReligion : A Non Religious Person1241 Words   |  5 PagesAs a non-religious person, asking myself what it means to say that religion is about drawing boundaries and making connections, is kind of mind boggling. Thinking through it over and over again, religion can draw boundaries by doing what is right and wrong based on one’s religion and their opinion of what one believes in. One’s boundaries contain the inside and outside, what one is comfortable with. Religion can make connections through over time with history, through the individuals who came beforeRead MoreReligious Language And Non Cognitive Language1713 Words   |  7 PagesReligious language is essentially the communication about religious ideas, faith and belief. 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